Nā Kinoea i Nānā mua ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kinoea o ka home: Ke wehewehe nei i nā pahuhopu no ka nānā ʻana

ʻO nā ʻano kinoea nui i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā hale a me ko lākou mau pilikia e like me kēia:

1. Kinoea Kūlohelohe (ʻĀpana Nui: Methane, CH₄)

● Ka laha ʻana: ʻOi aku ma mua o 70% o ka hoʻolako kinoea no nā hale noho kūlanakauhale ma Kina, i hāʻawi ʻia ma o nā paipu.

● Nā ʻano pilikia: He kinoea ʻaʻohe kala, ʻala ʻole, a he ʻā koke ka methane me kahi palena pahū o 5%–15% (ma ka nui) (ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hāʻule kona nui i ka lewa i loko o kēia pae a hālāwai me kahi kumu hoʻā, hiki ke pahū). Ke hoʻokahe ʻia, hōʻiliʻili pinepine ia i loko o nā wahi paʻa (e like me nā lumi kuke, a i ʻole nā ​​lumi kuke e pili ana i nā lumi moe). ʻO ka hiki ʻana i ka palena pahū haʻahaʻa (5%) ua lawa ia e hoʻoulu ai i ka pahū. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻawahia ka methane ponoʻī, hiki i nā nui kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻoneʻe i ka oxygen, e alakaʻi ana i ka hanu ʻana me ka nele o ka oxygen (ke hāʻule nā ​​pae oxygen ma lalo o 19.5%, hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona e like me ka poniuniu a me ka luhi i nā kānaka).

2. Kinoea ʻAila Wai (LPG, Nā ʻĀpana Mua: Propane, C₃H₈, a me Butane, C₄H₁₀)

● Ka laha ʻana: Hoʻolako pinepine ʻia i ke ʻano ʻōmole (e like me nā pahu kinoea), hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma nā wahi noho kahiko a i ʻole nā ​​​​hale me ke komo ʻole o ke kinoea paipu.

● Nā ʻano pilikia: ʻO ka propane a me ka butane nā mea kaumaha ma mua o ka ea (ka nui o ka ea ≈1.2 kg/m³; propane ≈2.0 kg/m³; butane ≈2.5 kg/m³). Ke liki ʻia, hōʻiliʻili lākou ma kahi kokoke i ka lepo (e laʻa, i loko o nā keʻena, ma nā tile papahele), e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i mea maʻalahi ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pahū pahū ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa. ʻO ko lākou mau palena pahū he 1.5%–9.5% (propane) a me 1.8%–8.4% (butane)—ʻoi aku ka laulā ma mua o ka methane, e hōʻike ana i nā pilikia kiʻekiʻe. E like me ka methane, hiki i nā leaka LPG ke alakaʻi i ka nele o ka oxygen.

3. Kinoea Kaona (Kinoea Hana ʻia, Nā ʻĀpana Mua: Hydrogen, Carbon Monoxide, Methane, a pēlā aku)

● Ka laha ʻana: Hoʻohana mau ʻia ma kekahi mau wahi, hāʻawi ʻia ma o nā pipeline.

● Nā ʻano pilikia: Ma waho aʻe o ka hiki ke lapalapa (he palena pahū ko ka hydrogen he 4%–75%; carbon monoxide, 12.5%–74%), aia i loko o ke kinoea kūlanakauhale kalapona monoxide (CO)—a kinoea ʻawahia ʻole, ʻala ʻole, a me ke kinoea ʻawahia loa. Hoʻopaʻa ʻo CO i ka hemoglobin he 200-250 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka oxygen, e hoʻoulu ai i ka hypoxia i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka (lāʻau make iki: ʻeha poʻo, nausea; lāʻau make nui: coma, make).

Hoʻomaopopo: No ke kōkua ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o ka mea hoʻohana, hoʻohui pinepine nā mea hoʻolako kinoea nā mea ʻala (e like me ka tetrahydrothiophene) i ke kinoea kūlohelohe a me ke kinoea kūlanakauhale, e hāʻawi ana i nā leaka i kahi ʻala "hua pala" ʻokoʻa. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā mea ʻala ke lilo i mea ʻole ma muli o ka ʻelemakule ʻana o ka pipeline a i ʻole nā ​​​​palena olfactory mea hoʻohana, ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā lako ʻike kinoea i mea hoʻopihapiha e pono ai.